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VEGETABLES IN VIETNAM FOREST : PLANTAGO
(
Update:
31/07/2014
)
1-Scientific classification (Scientific classification)
- Chi Ma threads (Plantago) is a genus containing about 200 species of small size, commonly called plantains. Most of the species are herbaceous plants, though a few species are small bush, to 60 cm high. Their leaves without stalks, but have a narrow part near the stem, petiole shape is assumed. We have three or five parallel veins and radiating in the wider part of the leaf blade. The leaves are narrow or wide or copy, depending on the species. The inflorescence stalk was born in the ordinary 5-40 cm high, and can be a short cone or a long flower spike, with many small flowers, which are pollinated by the wind.
- Species ID threads (Plantago spp.): The division between species (species), subspecies (subspecies) and seeds (Varieties) is not uniform, even controversial.
Depending on the perspective of the other classification systems plantain in Vietnam there are two different classifications:
a-There are 2 different species of plantains in Vietnam:
1 species Plantago major (major code) is mainly used as a vegetable, is growing in popularity.
In this species has three subspecies (subspecies) are:
- Plantago major subsp. major.
- Plantago major subsp. intermedia (DC.) Arcang.
- Plantago major subsp. winteri (Wirtg.) W.Ludw.
Plantago asiatica Species 2 (plantains, plantains or the á away money) are mainly used for medicinal purposes.
On the position and use of two medicinal species are similar, but in all species code (leaves) large inferior quality.
b Only one species (species) in Vietnam plantains Plantago asiatica that species with many subspecies (subspecies) different subspecies of Plantago major subsp. Plantago major is the major species (major code) above farming due process, but a captive.
2-Origin and distribution
Currently unknown originated topic of Chi Ma (Plantago).
The species grows plantains in many parts of the world, including the Americas, Asia, Australia, New Zealand, Africa and Europe. Many species in the genus widely distributed throughout the world as a form of weed.
Plantago asiatica own threads species code (synonym: Plantago major subsp. Majors or Plantago major) is native to subtropical regions of South Asia, are used for medicinal purposes long ago in China, Korea, Japan and Vietnam South.
In Vietnam, a large plantain leaf grown in popularity to make vegetables and plants with small leaves plantains grow wild all over the country are mainly used for medicinal purposes.
3-description
- Body: Code is subject herbaceous perennial, with branching and seed regeneration, stem tall 10-15cm.
- Leaves: The leaves have long stalks, ovate (photos) 5-12cm length, width 3.5 - 8 cm, blunt, slightly spiky. Plantains are easily recognized by the leaf blade spatulate, sometimes ovoid, ribbed arch living along the leaf and stem of convergence in the tops and leaves.
- Flowers: Flowers grow cotton, with rolled 10-15 cm long, axillary come from, long flowers bisexual, Radio 4, rated rugged, slightly sticky at the base, brown colon exists, consisting of four lobes are overlaid between the sepals. II 4 filaments slender, long, 2 carpels containing many small ovules. Flowering season of 7-8 months. Flowers pollinated by the wind and dispersed particles.
- Fruit: The fruit contains many seeds in box black brown
- Seeds: Seeds are very small but can be harvested and crushed to extract colloid powder. One plant can produce thousands of seeds, nuts diffusion by wind.
Plantain is found in many different habitats, from wet areas in the plains, coastal areas until Mountainous areas and high mountains. This species become weeds cosmopolitan, invading species become dangerous in some countries.
4 Nutrition Facts
- In the Code subject calcium-rich leaves and other minerals, with 100 grams of tobacco contained an equivalent amount of vitamin A carrots.
- Whole body contains a glucoside called aucubin or rinantin also called aucubozit. In the mucus leaves, bitter substances, carotene, vitamin C, vitamin K T. The particles contain elements mucus, plantenolic acid, and choline adnin.
5 The use of psyllium threads
5.1 Code leaves are used as vegetables threads
+ In Vietnam: young leaves are used as code all vegetables as other vegetables.
Code foil all vegetables consumed raw are young and encloses other vegetables, especially vegetables eaten with other forests.
- Leaves small threads vegetables code is also used to fry, cook vegetarian vegetable soup and salt.
Soup plantains cooked with shrimp, meat is delicious and cooling effect, easy to urinate. Note that when you eat all the code required taboo substance into the body causing heat such as alcohol, coffee, spices ...
+ Overseas: Many countries in Asia and other regions of Southeast Asia have used the leaves to make vegetable Code young subject.
- In Japan, vegetables code are subject to raw food and cooked the traditional seafood soup.
- In South American and North American natives used to eat young Roman as a salad green and older leaves to stew, cooked with meat.
5.2 The Code all parts of the plant used for medicinal purposes
a-According to Oriental medicine:
In view of medicine, plantain is used in medicine as trees grow wild in nature, seeds are planted code is the same code problem all large leaves have medicinal value less than the same code all wild (leaves small) growing in a natural environment.
According to Oriental medicine, sweet plantains, the cold, go into the business, courage, kidney and bladder; treatment effects at very, pertussis, airway inflammation, cholera, li, eye aches, sore red eyes, more tears, diuretic ...
Trees code for the drug problem follows:
1 Remote electronic money: Semen plantaginis is dried or dried seeds.
2 Code proceedings (pre-conference away): Herba is the whole plant plantaginis remove dried or dried roots.
3 Leaves plantains: Folium plantaginis leaves or fresh or dried
In traditional medicine, Vietnam, plantains are used as a diuretic and treatment of urologic diseases, stop bleeding, edema, chronic cough, diarrhea, nosebleeds ...
In India, mucilage extracted by grinding seed pods of a species of Plantago ovata plantains called for the preparation of laxatives sold as Isabgol, a laxative to treat intestinal abnormalities and constipation. It is also used in some cereals to treat high cholesterol, mild to moderate, as well as to reduce the amount of sugar in the blood. It has been used in Ayurveda and Unani medicine by indigenous people for a variety of intestinal problems, including chronic constipation, amoebic dysentery and diarrhea.
In Bulgaria, the leaves of Plantago major drug used to prevent infections in cuts or scrapes thanks to its antimicrobial properties.
Source: Prof. Doan Thi Nhu, Health & Life.
b According to Modern Medicine:
Many scientific studies have shown that plant extracts translated plantains have a wide range of biological effects, including "active wound healing, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antioxidant, weak antibiotic, failure with immune modulation and Anti-ulcer ".
In plant plantains contain compounds of high biological activity, including allantoin, aucubin, ursolic acid, flavonoids, and asperuloside.
When leaf plantains, increases uric acid excretion from the kidneys, and may be useful in the treatment of gout.
The experiment showed that the quality of the code tree problem aucubin (especially leaves) diuretic effect, increases excretion of urea, uric acid and salts in the urine, useful in the treatment of gout and can be used it to support the treatment of hypertension in addition to specific drugs. Psyllium is used in a number of remedies effectively treat urinary tract stones.
Plantains are also effective expectorant and cough. High dosage pills from plantains and Terpin has been applied clinically effective treatment of acute inflammatory diseases of upper respiratory tract, causing mild convergence process as respiratory mucosa, cough and voice restoration in patients with croup. High water plantains have been applied for more than 200 patients with tonsillitis level, 92% result from disease, 8% support. Antipyretic effects, white blood cell count recovery and all the symptoms of plantains in place is considered equivalent to the commonly used antimicrobial drugs.
Ma also was used in the pharmaceutical treatment pimples and burns. Oil pills made from powdered plantains while covering up acne pimples can support and purulent inflammation. Also ointment formulated from special high plantains were used to treat burns 2-45% body surface area, achieved good results. Patients feel cool, comfortable, no mercy, no sharp pains, easy to replace cotton and gauze strip. Scald infection, little pus, reduce the stench, healing well, the meat will grow, not grainy. Reduce the number of patients using systemic antibiotics.
The study also showed that the particle nature polysacharid plantains have a laxative effect, treatment of chronic constipation.
Source: Prof. Doan Thi Nhu, Health & Life.
Some 6-medicine remedies from plants Ma threads
Here are some specific remedies:
1 Diuretics: County plantains 10 g, 2 g of licorice, terrific water, divided 3 drinks per day.
Blood in the urine Cure 2: Leaves plantains, useful samples, each of 12 g; pound, squeezed juice drink.
3 Relieve acute glomerulonephritis: Code 16 g problem, gypsum 20 g, ephedra, white Atractylodes, great apple, each of 12 g; Rustic through 8 g, ginger, licorice, cinnamon expenditures, each of 6 g. Sac drink on a ladder.
Cure 4 Chronic glomerulonephritis: Code all 20 g, 16 g mind, of course, Atractylodes, for parts, all property described, each of 12 g; cinnamon spending, post-therapy, each of 6 g; Target 4 g trans. Sac drink on a ladder.
5 Cure urolithiasis: County plantains 12-40 g, 40 g needle draft money, great fossil 20-40 g, 20-40 g talc, triangle prism, mind, of course, every ox, Russian Atractylodes, each of 20 g ; Merely, post-therapy, locust thorns, bugle draft, angelica, each of 12 g. Sac drink on a ladder.
Updated 6 acute cystitis: Code all 16 g, spread terror, terror related, for parts, grass roots, each of 12 g; School spirit, rustic pine, talc, sell off mode, each of 8 g. Sac drink on a ladder.
7. Relieve cough, sputum criteria: subject code 10 g, sandy fields, each of 2 g of licorice. Sac drink on a ladder.
8 Cure dysentery: Code problems, dream wire bristles, seo chickens lawn each of 20 g. Sac drink on a ladder.
9 Cure Diarrhea: Ma 1-2 threads holding fresh, fresh pennywort 1 year, 1 holding fresh soot. Outstanding characteristics, drinking days per month.
10 Relieve Chronic diarrhea: County plantains 8 g, sandy base, pennywort, class ginseng, licorice strings each of 12 g, 8 g chrysanthemum flowers. Sac drink on a ladder.
Source: Prof. Doan Thi Nhu, Health & Life.
